Commercial item transport and distribution Essay Example for Free

Commercial item transport and distribution Essay There has been a gradual change in the mode of packaging for last years.For instance, earlier fruits and vegetables were used to be transported in wooden boxes but today cardboard crates are used .This is mainly to reduce the cost. Obviously,a cardboard crate would cost less than wooden crate. Moreover,using cardboard crates is more eco friendly than cutting trees and making wooden boxes and supporting an environmental cause helps firms improve their goodwill and eventually their sales. Similarly,selling of milk,first in glass bottles,then in packets, then tetra packs and vending machines is all to reduce costs or improve their goodwill by innovating the mode of packaging. Tetra pack keeps the milk safe for months and is made of paper and can be recycled. Plastic packets incur lesser costs and vending machines in itself have no packaging cost. So,companies use new and unique mode of packaging to ,one,reduce their costs,two,to promote the product. Packaging refers to the container or wrapper that holds a product or group of products. Most commercial packaging serves two basic functions: protecting the product from damage during shipping, and promoting the product to the ultimate consumer. Some common types of packaging include shipping cartons, containers for industrial goods, and bags, boxes, cans, and other holders for consumer products. Packaging is of great importance to both sellers and buyers of products. It can prevent spoiling, breakage, tampering, or theft; enhance convenience in use or storage; and make products easier to identify. A significant improvement in packaging can even create a new product by expanding the ways in which it can be used, and thus its potential markets. For example, a soup that is packaged in a microwavable bowl might suddenly increase its sales to working people. Prior to World War II, packaging was used primarily to surround and protect products during storage, transportation, and distribution. Some packages were designed with aesthetic appeal and even for ease-of-use by the end consumer, but package design was typically left to technicians. After World War II, however, companies became more interested in marketing and promotion as a means of enticing customers to purchase their products. As a result, more manufacturers began to view packaging as an integral element of overall business marketing strategies to lure buyers. This increased attention to packaging coincided with socioeconomic changes taking place around the world. As consumers became better educated and more affluent, their expectations of products—and their reliance on them—increased as well. Consequently, consumers began to rely much more heavily on manufactured goods and processed food items. New technologies related to production, distribution, and preservatives led to a massive proliferation in the number and type of products and brands available in industrialized nations. Thus, packaging became a vital means of differentiating items and informing inundated consumers. The importance of consumer packaging was elevated in the United States during the late 1970s and 1980s. Rapid post-war economic expansion and market growth waned during that period, forcing companies to focus increasingly on luring consumers to their product or brand at the expense of the competition. Package design became a marketing science. And, as a new corporate cost-consciousness developed in response to increased competition, companies began to alter packaging techniques as a way to cut production, storage, and distribution expenses. Furthermore, marketers began to view packaging as a tool to exploit existing product lines by adding new items and to pump new life into maturing products. Today, good package design is regarded as an essential part of successful business practice. Since many potential customers first notice a new product after it has arrived on the shelves of a store, it is vital that the packaging provide consumers with the information they need and motivate them to make a purchase. But packaging decisions involve a number of tradeoffs. While making a product visible and distinctive may be the top priority, for example, businesses must also comply with a variety of laws regarding product labeling and safety. Protecting products during transport is important, but businesses also need to keep their shipping costs as low as possible. study mode material : Disadvantages of wooden crates- Deterioration * After wooden pallets are used several times, the wood begins to wear. It splinters, cracks and even breaks under the pressure of continued use. The deterioration is natural and occurs eventually, even if the wood is treated to repel moisture and to strengthen it. This disadvantage leads to replacement much sooner than with plastic pallets. Infestation * Wooden pallets are more susceptible to infestation by termites, ants and other insects that make their home inside the wood. Pallets stored outdoors are more likely to succumb to infestation than the ones kept within a warehouse. The insects burrow into the wood, eating away at it and thus weakening what should be a support structure.. Cleanliness * In addition to germs, wooden pallets are collectors of dirt and debris. Cleaning them becomes more and more difficult over time as the pallets age. They must be heat-treated to get rid of the contamination and washed to be rid of dirt and debris. However, the heat accelerates deterioration, and the water, if improperly dried, can feed mold spores that thrive on wood and harm the vegetables and fruits inside it. Advantages of cardboard crates- Protects Items * As packaging, cardboard protects vegetables being shipped or moved. Corrugated cardboard often has multiple pieces of cardboard placed on top of each other to cushion soft vegetables. Cheap Material * Cardboard is cheap to produce, and is usually made from recycled materials and doesnt cost much money if purchased wholesale. Other packaging materials are made from plastic, wood or metal, all expensive materials that are often heavier then cardboard, which adds [continues] Read full essay

Dark Overtones And Their Contrasts In My Antonia :: essays research papers

Dark Overtones, and Their Contrasts in My Antonia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In My Antonia by Willa Cather, there are many dark overtones that pervade the novel. It is through the use of symbolism and contrast these overtones are made real. The prairie is the predominant setting of the novel. It may be shaped, and it conforms to the desires of those working it. The prairie ¹s loneliness, shown by the wide open spaces, is a brilliant way of revealing internal conflict by using a setting. Also, it brings out the characters true meaning. Cather shows through the character of Lena Lengard that society ¹s next generation would not be as good, or quite as noble as that of Cather ¹s childhood. The primary inscription on the first page states that the best days are the first to flee. Cather contrasts these ideas with Antonia ¹s personality, which is always bright. This contributes to the dreariness of the novel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the novel the prairie is a metaphor for internal conflict. Cather brilliantly demonstrates the prairie as a representation for internal conflict being portrayed by a setting (Kelley, Sean). It symbolizes loneliness and depression. When Jim, one of the main characters, was young, the prairie was uncultivated and there were not as many settlers; it was a lonely place. Being isolated from society with little or no human contact could drive anyone insane. Despair, bad luck, greed, and self-absorbtion make one lose hope also, but it is mostly the lack, or the underuse of, imagination (Kelley, Sean). The prairie was a desolate strip of land that continued as far as could be seen. In the beginning of the novel, Jim Burden states about the land:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There seemed to be nothing to see, no fences, no creek or trees, no hills or fields. I   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  had the  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  feeling that the world was left behind, that we had gone over the edge of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  it.... If we never arrived anywhere, it did not matter. Between that earth, and that   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  sky, I felt erased, blotted out. (3 - 4) It seems that Jim tries to express that the prairie is forlorn, and deprived of life, making one aware of being alone. Because Jim has left behind all that is familiar, and started over his life, he has a clean slate, and that is what the prairie is. E. K. Brown, once wrote,  ³The impersonal vastness of the land is the freedom it represents.

A Famous Festival in Myanmar Essay

Thingyan festival – Water Festival – Myanmar New Year – in April The country Myanmar is Known as the â€Å"Golden Land† in the world since every pagoda is decorated and painted with gold. Myanmar is full of very colourful and deep rooted festivals. There are 13 most popular year around festivals in Myanmar. One of them is the celebration on Thingyan Festival, as the Water Festival or Myanmar’s Traditional New Year Festival. Myanmar people celebrate the Water Festival all over the country for 4 days before New Year day by throwing water on each other. It takes place on April13th to April 16th of every year. It is believed that Water Festival washes away sins and welcomes the New Year, April 17th. The Mandats, water throwing and playing places with the large signboards are every where, not only in the cities but also in the villages. In major cities such as Yangon, garden hoses, huge syringes made of bamboo, plastic water pistols, bowls, cups and other devices from which water can be squirted are used. All these whole days, people are going round to the Mandats with their bicycles, motorbikes, opentop jeeps and trucks to play the water with each other. It is a hottest time of the year and a good dousing is welcomed by most. Everyone is fair game except the monks and obviously pregnant women. After playing around and having fun throughout the country, people welcome the New Year on the 17th by cleaning the floors of the pagodas and monasteries, washing old and aged peoples’ hair, helping to cut their nails. Some offer free foods and drinks for everyone who comes to the pagodas. Some make other donations. There is also a custom in Myanmar to buy live fishes and cows during the festival and let them free in sanctuaries or rivers or lakes with a prayer and a wish saying â€Å"I release you once, you release me ten times† on the final day of Thingyan. Most of the Myanmar’s believe in Buddhism and so killing any living creature is a sinful act. All these April days, there are music and sprinkling of water in the air. Throwing water on everyone with the intention to purify their mind and  spirit is really wet. If you are planning a trip to the Gold Land Myanmar, this is one festival not to be missed. All your sins are purified with Thingyan Water Festival. You will never forget true joy.

Communication And An Understanding Response Results

COMMUNICATION Definition: - According to Prof. M. Akil, â€Å"Communication is the process by which information is transmitted between individuals and organization, so that an understanding response results†. OR â€Å"Communication is the process which involves transmission and accurate replication of ideas, ensured by feedback for the purpose of eliciting action which will accomplish organizational goals†. Why Communication Is Important:- Communication is an assistance employed in day to day life. It helps us to share or present our views and opinions to other people. It is a two ways transmission process and therefore would complete if an answer or feed back is given to one party by another.. (Anon., n.d.) Importance Of Communication In Business:- Some are the point listing importance of Communication in business are as follow:- 1. Good and effective communication help in bringing unity among the employees in an organisation. When employees communicate their ideas and opinions, without concealment of facts, allow other to build trust among each other in. Employees when participate in common goal, know that what their colleagues expect from them. 2. When communication is effective, an open environment is created where employees feel free talking with each other. Management give feedback to the employees in regards to how well they’re faring at their duties, and employees feel safe giving feedback on how well the company’s policies and procedures are working. 3.Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Communication1311 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication, without a question, is the most fundamental part of life. Without communication and transfer of information between one person to another, human kind would be years behind of where we are today. We have evolved from markings on a wall, the most basic form of communication, to now being able to contact someone across the world via the intranet and telephone. These new forms of communication were probably not though possible 50 years ago. We have only started to begin to scratchRead MoreSelf Concept Through Interpersonal Communication Essay1340 Words   |  6 Pagesinterpersonal communication because I had an interest in it. This interest is because I didnt understand that ones self-concept affected the way one is perceived by others. I learned self-concept through class discussions, but I wanted a better understanding of how communication affects ones self-concept and how it affects ones pe rception Ones self-concept affects ones perception, attitude and behavior, which can be demonstrated during the process of interpersonal communication. AspectsRead MoreEssay on Effective Communication for Human Resource Mangers1348 Words   |  6 PagesEffective Communication for Human Resource Managers Communicating effectively is an essential competency for any professional and involves the performance of a range of first-, second- and third-person skills. This essay will discuss two predominant communication skills- feedback and questioning- that are of particular importance to the human resource (HR) management profession. A range of academic literature will be drawn upon to respectively define, describe, and relate each skill’s significanceRead MoreWhy Communication Is Key, Do Words Open Doors?961 Words   |  4 Pages If communication is key, do words open doors? This essay will examine the importance of communication and how this can be used in circumstances to encourage positive or even a negative response dependant on the deliverance. Communication consists of transferring information from one source to another. There are many advantages to obtaining good communication skills as they can assist in achieving productivity and form strong relationships both social and professional; without effective communicationRead MoreSelf Concept Through Interpersonal Communication Essay1274 Words   |  6 Pagesinterpersonal communication because I had an interest in it. This interest is because I didn’t understand that one’s self-concept affected the way one is perceived by others. I learned self-concept through class discussions, but I wanted a better understanding of how communication affects one’s self-concept and how it affects one’s perception Ones self-concept affects ones perception, attitude and behavior, which can be demonstrated during the process of interpersonal communication. Aspects of onesRead MoreNurses and Non Verbal Communication1265 Words   |  6 PagesNon Verbal Communication Xu, staples and Shen define nonverbal communication as â€Å"facial expression and body language† and further mentions that communication is a reciprocal process between 2 or more people relaying understanding, ensuring the output is acknowledges and correctly conveyed. Video three’s interview indicates poor non verbal communication between 4:36 and 4:54. The Nurses’ body language is closed, leaning over the interview documents, not facing the patient, nor making eye contactRead MoreCommunication Theories in Everyday Life1617 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Communication Theories in Everyday Life Communication is an essential part of peoples everyday lives; however, it has many nuances that are dependent on individual and social differences that is, dependent on the cultural context from which communication and interaction occurs. It is through communication theories that daily interactions among people are identified, determined, and understood. Communication theories take into account different components that describe the nature and dynamicsRead MoreIncident Response And Forensics Investigation Essay1622 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Incident response and forensics investigations are closely related aspects of managing the activities that occurs after an information technology (IT) incident occurs. In this paper, we will explore the various aspects of incident response and forensics as they apply to an IT incident and by examining the details in the enclosed case study, we will show how those aspects apply to that situation. To begin with, we will discuss the differences between incident response and forensic activitiesRead MoreEffective Workplace Communication1336 Words   |  6 PagesListening and Effective Workplace Communication James Humes, a former presidential speech writer, stated that, the art of communication is the language of leadership (Leading Thoughts, 2010). Communication is an essential process that is common in the workplace.   Everyone in the workplace especially leaders must communicate with others.   Ideas, conversations, disagreements, and commitments can all be exchanged through communication.   Anyone can communicate but it takes discipline and skillsRead MoreUse Of A Rapid Critical Appraisal Checklist ( Melnyk And Fineout Overholt949 Words   |  4 Pagesof daily, high-level, multidisciplinary communication and patient safety. The summaries of these evaluations will be provided as an appraisal of each study. Searches were made through the online library at Grand Canyon University. Results were refined to include on peer reviewed studies with keywords as combinations of: Safety briefing (45 results), patient safety plus nursing plus communication (1769), patient safety and interdisciplinary (45). Of the results obtained, the list was further refined